Telegraphic and post telegraphic stages, Bellugi, pronouns.

Graphological - Punctuation, spelling, layout.
Discourse - Tone, context, content, structure, audience, cohesion.
Phonology - Contraction, influence of spoken language.
Semantics and lexis - Vocab, slang, proportion of lexical items v's grammatical items.
Grammar - Modification, determiners, articles, verb phrases.
Pragmatics - Politeness strategies, grices maxims.

STAGE/FEATURES/APPROX AGE(months)
Holophrastic/one word - one word utterances - 12-18
Two word - two word combinations - 18-24

NEED NEXT TWO FOR EXAM:
Telegraphic - three and moer words combined - 24-36
Post telegraphic - more grammatically complex combinations - 36+

Have to go through telegraphic stage to get to post telegraphic.

Some sounds would get a positive response - Behaviourism - BF Skinner

NURTURING THE NATURE.

Telegraphic stage:
*Making meanings clearer in communication.
*Utterances are similar to the style and construction of a telegram in that functions are left out but content words are retained.
*Early in the stage, verb inflections, auxilary verbs, prepositions, determiners are all amitted.
*These function words appear accuratley in utterances towards the telegrpahic stage.
*Key developments take place in the construction of questions, negative and pronouns.

CLA is about 50 years old.

STAGE/THE CHILD/EXAMPLE:
1 - uses 'no' or 'not' at the beginning or end of a sentence - 'No wear shoes'.
2 - moves 'no'/'not' inside the sentence - 'I no want it'.
3 - attaches the negative to auxilary verb and the copula verb 'be' securley - 'No I dont want to go to nursery. I am not'.

Pronouns and Bellugi - 3 stages:
1) their own name
2) I/me
3) uses them according to whether or not they are in a subject or object position

struggles with determiners - 'a' and 'the'

possessive (my)
quantifiers (some)
demonstratives (this)
numerals (a)

POST TELEGRAPHIC STAGE:
Remaining function words are acquired and used appropratley. Child can:
*Combine clause structures by using co - ordinating conjunctions ('and ' and 'but') and subordinating conjunctions ('because' and 'although') to make complex and compound utterances.
*Manipulate verb aspects more accuratley, for instance using the passive tense ('the car was followed by the lorry').
*Construct longer noun phrases ('the two big red buses').
*Longer turn taking.
*Starts the conversation.